13. Simple verbal clauses
- the minimal verbal clause consists of a single verb
- only inflectional morphology is (optional) ta- (6.1), compare with
- personal proclitics can occur on verb ; no transitive 1+2 attested
- arguments can be expressed by pronouns or nouns / noun phrases
- "free" order
- clausal particles?
-
‘We will be finished, daughter.’ ()
13.1 Person proclitics
- Second person A
- më marking A in
- subordinate clauses and
- is 'learn' transitive?
-
-
‘Do not touch this.’ ()
-
- Transitive local scenarios
- one attested case of ta- on the lexical verb of a -pëkë construction w/ 2nd person a on aux ❕
- zero-marked third person on transitive verbs with 1a or 2a
- one example of më ‘2a’ on imperative verb ❕
-
*t‑V‑se is no more — the t‑ is gone, except in lexicalized items
-
only free first person pronouns with V-initial verbs:
- unmarked third person:
13.2 Intransitive clauses
13.2.1 First person
-
Preverbal pronoun‘I don’t laugh.’ (Conversación sobre la risa entre GrMe y ElPe : 4)
- not attested: prefixed verb followed by pronoun
13.2.2 Second person
- not attested: pronoun
13.2.3 Third person
-
Preverbal NP‘Then the mice were dancing.’ (Cuento de las ratas por AnFo : 16)
-
Preverbal pronoun‘He was dancing.’ ()
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‘Then the man went.’ (Cuento de las ratas por AnFo : 45)
13.3 Transitive clauses
There are several factors that play a role here:
- presence or absence of prefix
- presence or absence of pronouns and NPs
- order of free arguments
- presence or absence of ya
13.3.1 Third on third
❕